Location plays a crucial role in the design and operation of data centers. Here are a few reasons why it can matter between two similar sites:

Climate: The temperature and humidity levels in a location can have a significant impact on the cooling and ventilation requirements of a data center. For example, data centers in areas with hot and humid climates may require more advanced cooling systems to keep the equipment from overheating. This can add significant costs to the design and operation of the data center.

Power availability: Data centers require a large amount of power to operate. The location of a data center should have access to a reliable and robust power grid to ensure that the data center can operate at optimal capacity. Additionally, locations that are prone to power outages or natural disasters should be avoided as they can cause significant downtime and data loss.

Network connectivity: The location of a data center should have access to multiple high-speed internet service providers and fiber optic networks to ensure that the data center can provide fast and reliable connectivity to users.

Physical security: The location of a data center should be in a secure area to prevent unauthorized access, vandalism, and natural disasters. Additionally, the location should be easily accessible for authorized personnel and maintenance crews.

Cost: The location of a data center can also impact the cost of design, construction, and operation. For example, locations with lower costs for electricity, cooling and real estate may be more cost-effective than locations with higher costs.

The Scandinavian countries are an increasingly popular location for data centers due to its cool climate, reliable power infrastructure and low risk of natural disasters:

Cool climate: The cool climate in Scandinavia is ideal for data centers as it reduces the need for cooling systems, which can be a major cost for data center operators. The cool temperatures also help to extend the lifespan of the servers, which can save on costs in the long run.

Reliable power infrastructure: Scandinavia has a well-developed power infrastructure, with a high penetration of renewable energy sources such as hydro and wind power. This provides data centers with a stable and sustainable source of power, which is crucial for the uptime and reliability of the data center.

Low risk of natural disasters: Scandinavia is relatively free from natural disasters such as earthquakes, tornadoes and hurricanes, which can cause significant damage to data centers. This helps to ensure that data centers in the region are less likely to experience disruptions or downtime.

Government incentives: Some of the Scandinavian countries such as Norway, Sweden and Finland have government policies that supports the establishment of data centers and promote the use of renewable energy.

Although Scandinavia is becoming an attractive location for data centers due to its cool climate, reliable power infrastructure, low risk of natural disasters and government support, these factors can be surpassed by the need in a specific location. Singapore is an example where demand for data centers remains high due to its strategic location, advanced infrastructure, and favorable government policies and despite the power required to keep the facilities cool and dry despite being in the tropics:

Strategic location: Singapore is located at the crossroads of major telecommunications routes between Asia, Europe, and the Americas. This makes it an ideal location for data centers that serve customers in the region and beyond. Additionally, Singapore is a major hub for international business, which makes it a popular location for data centers that serve global companies.

Advanced infrastructure: Singapore has a highly developed and reliable infrastructure, including a robust power grid, high-speed internet connectivity, and a modern transportation system. This makes it an ideal location for data centers that require a high level of uptime and reliability.

Favorable government policies: The Singapore government has been actively promoting the development of the data center industry. This includes offering various tax incentives and grants to data center operators, as well as establishing a dedicated Data Center Park to attract data center investment.

Growing demand: Singapore is home to a growing number of businesses and organizations that rely on data centers to store and process their data. This includes financial institutions, healthcare providers, and technology companies. This growing demand for data center services is driving the development of new data centers in the region.

With growing demand for data center services everywhere, attractive locations for data centers can vary widely on the use and importance of the data center.  The location of a data center plays a critical role in the design, operation and cost efficiency of a data center and all the factors above can outweigh the needs of the others based on the requirements